Bernardo Protano Esquire P.A.
Business Newsletter
Bonds
 
Bonds are debt securities issued by governments, corporations, and other entities. In return for the loan of money to the issuer represented by the bond, the issuer promises to pay a set rate of interest over the life of the bond and then pay back the principal or face value of the bond to the investor when the bond matures or becomes due.More...
 
Director and Officer Liability under ERISA
 
Under ERISA, ''employers'' must make all necessary contributions to multi-employer pension plans pursuant to the plans' terms or the terms of a collective bargaining agreement. Every employee benefit plan must have a funding procedure and fully explain how and under what circumstances payments are to be made to the plan. If these responsibilities are not carried out or carried out in an untimely manner, a civil enforcement action can be brought against the plan or the employer. An "employer" is defined as "any person acting directly as an employer, or indirectly in the interest of an employer, in relation to an employee benefit plan. More...
 
The Duty of Directors and Officers Regarding Corporate Opportunities
 
The corporate opportunity doctrine provides that corporate directors and officers have an obligation not to take personal advantage of opportunities that may be to the advantage of their corporation. The doctrine follows from the duty of loyalty of directors and officers to the corporation.More...
 
The Municipal Securities Rulemaking Board
 
Municipal bonds and other securities offerings by governmental entities generally are exempt from federal securities law registration requirements. However, information about such offerings is available from sources other than the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.More...
 
Qualification Examinations for Persons in the Securities Industry
 
Persons who wish to enter the securities industry to sell or trade securities must pass an initial examination in order to be eligible to register with a self-regulatory organization such as the New York or American Stock Exchanges or Nasdaq.More...
 
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